Bakin karfeWani nau'in ƙarfe ne, ƙarfe yana nufin adadin carbon (C) a cikin kashi 2% masu zuwa ana kiransa ƙarfe, fiye da kashi 2% ƙarfe ne. Karfe a cikin tsarin narkewa don ƙara chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) da sauran abubuwan haɗawa don inganta aikin ƙarfe don ƙarfe ya sami juriya ga tsatsa (wato, ba tsatsa ba) sau da yawa muna cewa bakin ƙarfe ne.
Bakin ƙarfe a cikin tsarin narkewar ƙarfe, saboda ƙara abubuwan haɗa ƙarfe na nau'ikan daban-daban, nau'ikan daban-daban na adadin daban-daban. Halayensa kuma sun bambanta, don bambance kambin da ke kan lambobin ƙarfe daban-daban.
Rarrabuwar gama gari ta bakin karfe
1. 304 bakin karfe
Bakin ƙarfe 304 shine nau'in ƙarfe da aka fi amfani da shi, a matsayin ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi sosai, yana da juriya mai kyau ga lalata, juriya ga zafi, ƙarfin zafin jiki mai ƙarancin yawa da kuma kaddarorin injiniya; Tattara, lanƙwasawa da sauran ikon aiwatar da zafi yana da kyau, babu wani abu mai tauri na maganin zafi (babu maganadisu, sannan a yi amfani da zafin jiki -196℃ ~ 800℃).
Faɗin amfani: kayan gida (kayan tebur 1, 2, kabad, bututun cikin gida, na'urorin dumama ruwa, tukunyar ruwa, baho); Sassan motoci (goga mai goge fuska, na'urar rufe fuska, kayayyakin mold); Kayan aikin likita, Kayan gini, Sinadarai, Masana'antar Abinci, Noma, Sassan Jirgin Ruwa
2. Bakin ƙarfe 304L (L ƙarancin carbon ne)
A matsayin ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon 304, a gabaɗaya, juriyarsa ta lalata da 304 iri ɗaya ne, amma bayan walda ko kawar da damuwa, ƙarfin juriyarsa ga lalata iyakokin hatsi yana da kyau kwarai; Idan babu maganin zafi, yana iya kiyaye juriya mai kyau ta lalata, amfani da zafin jiki -196℃ ~ 800℃.
Tsarin amfani: ana amfani da shi a masana'antar sinadarai, kwal da man fetur tare da manyan buƙatun juriya ga tsatsagewar iyaka na injunan waje, kayan gini da sassan da ke jure zafi da kuma waɗanda ke da wahalar magance zafi.
3. 316 bakin karfe
Karfe 316 na bakin karfe saboda ƙarin molybdenum, don haka juriyarsa ta tsatsa, juriyar tsatsa a yanayi da ƙarfin zafin jiki mai yawa suna da kyau musamman, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin mawuyacin yanayi; Kyakkyawan taurare aiki (ba mai maganadisu ba).
Faɗin amfani: kayan aikin ruwan teku, sinadarai, rini, yin takarda, sinadarin oxalic, taki da sauran kayan aikin samarwa; Hotuna, masana'antar abinci, wuraren samar da abinci a bakin teku, igiyoyi, sandunan CD, ƙusoshi, goro.
4. Bakin ƙarfe 316L (L ƙarancin carbon ne)
A matsayin ƙarancin carbon jerin ƙarfe 316, ban da halaye iri ɗaya da ƙarfe 316, juriyarsa ga tsatsa ta iyakar hatsi yana da kyau kwarai da gaske.
Faɗin amfani: buƙatu na musamman don tsayayya da samfuran lalata iyaka na hatsi.
Kwatanta Aiki
1. Sinadaran sinadarai
Karfe 316 da 316L suna ɗauke da ƙarfe mai launin molybdenum. Molybdenum da ke cikin ƙarfe mai launin 316L ya ɗan fi na ƙarfe mai launin 316. Saboda molybdenum da ke cikin ƙarfe, aikin ƙarfen ya fi na ƙarfe mai launin 310 da 304 kyau. A ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi, lokacin da yawan sinadarin sulfuric acid bai kai 15% ba kuma ya fi 85%, ƙarfe mai launin 316 yana da amfani iri-iri. Karfe mai launin 316 kuma yana da kyawawan halaye na yashewa da kuma chloride, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a yanayin ruwa. Karfe mai launin 316L yana da matsakaicin sinadarin carbon na 0.03. Ya dace da aikace-aikace inda ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da shi bayan an gama walda ba kuma inda ake buƙatar matsakaicin juriya ga tsatsa.
2. Cojuriyar rotsion
Juriyar tsatsa ta bakin karfe 316 ta fi ta bakin karfe 304 kyau. Tana da juriyar tsatsa mai kyau a tsarin samar da bawon burodi da takarda. Kuma bakin karfe 316 yana da juriya ga zaizayar ruwa da yanayi mai tsanani na masana'antu. Gabaɗaya, bakin karfe 304 da bakin karfe 316 suna da juriya ga halayen tsatsa ta sinadarai, amma a wasu takamaiman kafofin watsa labarai sun bambanta.
An fara ƙera ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe 304, wanda ke da saurin kamuwa da lalacewar Pitting a wasu lokuta. Ƙara ƙarin molybdenum 2-3% ya rage wannan yanayin, wanda ya haifar da 316. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan ƙarin molybdenum na iya rage tsatsawar wasu sinadarai masu zafi na halitta.
Karfe 316 na bakin karfe ya kusan zama kayan da aka fi amfani da su a masana'antar abinci da abin sha. Saboda ƙarancin molybdenum a duk duniya da kuma yawan sinadarin nickel da ke cikin bakin karfe 316, ƙarfe 316 na bakin karfe ya fi tsada fiye da ƙarfe 304 na bakin karfe.
Tsatsa tana faruwa ne sakamakon tsatsa da aka ajiye a saman bakin karfe, wanda hakan ya faru ne saboda rashin iskar oxygen kuma ba zai iya samar da wani Layer na chromium oxide mai kariya ba. Musamman a cikin ƙananan bawuloli, akwai ƙarancin damar taruwa a kan faifai, don haka ramin yana da wuya.
A nau'ikan hanyoyin ruwa daban-daban (ruwan da aka tace, ruwan sha, ruwan kogi, ruwan tafasa, ruwan teku, da sauransu), ƙarfin tsatsa na bakin karfe 304 da kuma ƙarfin tsatsa na bakin karfe 316 kusan iri ɗaya ne, sai dai idan abun da ke cikin ion chloride a cikin hanyoyin ya yi yawa sosai, a wannan lokacin ƙarfe 316 ya fi dacewa. A mafi yawan lokuta, juriyar tsatsa na bakin karfe 304 da kuma ƙarfin karfe 316 ba su da bambanci sosai, amma a wasu lokuta na iya bambanta sosai, ana buƙatar a yi nazari akai-akai.
3. Juriyar zafi
Bakin ƙarfe 316 yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga iskar shaka idan ana amfani da shi akai-akai a ƙasa da digiri 1600 kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a ƙasa da digiri 1700. A cikin kewayon digiri 800-1575, ya fi kyau kada a ci gaba da tasirin ƙarfe 316, amma a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na ci gaba da amfani da ƙarfe 316, bakin ƙarfe yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga zafi. Bakin ƙarfe 316L yana da mafi kyawun juriya ga ruwan sama na carbide fiye da ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi a cikin kewayon zafin da ke sama.
4. Maganin zafi
Ana yin aikin rufewa a yanayin zafi tsakanin digiri 1850 zuwa 2050, sannan a yi aikin rufewa da sauri sannan a yi saurin sanyaya. Ba za a iya dumama ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe don ya taurare ba.
5. Walda
Bakin ƙarfe 316 yana da kyakkyawan ƙarfin walda. Ana iya amfani da duk hanyoyin walda na yau da kullun don walda. Dangane da manufar walda, ana iya amfani da sandar marufi ko lantarki ta 316CB, 316L ko 309CB don walda. Domin samun mafi kyawun juriya ga tsatsa, ana buƙatar a rufe sashin walda na bakin ƙarfe 316 bayan walda. Ba a buƙatar a rufe bayan walda idan ana amfani da ƙarfe 316L na bakin ƙarfe.
Hikelokbututun ƙarfe mara sumulyi amfani da kayan lita 316. Sauran kayan haɗin bututu da bawuloli galibi suna amfani da kayan lita 316.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-23-2022