Makina onse ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri lavalavuKusonkhanitsa, ndipo zigawo zingapo zimapanga zigawo za valavu (monga valavu ya bonnet, valavu disc, ndi zina zotero). Njira yosonkhanitsira zigawo zingapo imatchedwa kusonkhanitsa zigawo, ndipo njira yosonkhanitsira zigawo zingapo ndi zigawo imatchedwa kusonkhana kwathunthu. Ntchito yosonkhanitsira imakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la chinthu. Ngakhale kapangidwe kake kali kolondola ndipo zigawozo zili zoyenerera, ngati kusonkhanitsa sikuli koyenera, valavuyo sidzakwaniritsa zofunikira za malamulo, ndipo ingayambitse kutuluka kwa chisindikizo.
Pali njira zitatu zodziwika bwino zosonkhanitsira ma valve, zomwe ndi, njira yosinthira kwathunthu, njira yosinthira yochepa, njira yokonzanso.
Njira yonse yosinthirana
Valavu ikasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira yonse, gawo lililonse la valavu likhoza kusonkhanitsidwa popanda kukonza kapena kusankha, ndipo chinthucho chikhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo zomwe zafotokozedwa pambuyo posonkhanitsa. Pakadali pano, zigawo za valavu ziyenera kukonzedwa mokwanira mogwirizana ndi zofunikira pakupanga kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za kulondola kwa miyeso ndi kulolerana kwa geometric. Ubwino wa njira yonse yosinthira ndi: ntchito yosonkhanitsa ndi yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo, ntchito siifunikira luso lapamwamba, mphamvu yopanga njira yosonkhanitsa ndi yayikulu, ndipo ndikosavuta kukonza mzere wosonkhanitsa ndi kupanga mwaukadaulo. Komabe, kunena zoona, pamene msonkhano wosintha kwathunthu watengedwa, kulondola kwa makina a zigawo kumafunika kukhala kwakukulu. Ndikoyenera valavu yozungulira, valavu yowunikira, valavu ya mpira ndi mavalavu ena okhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta komanso mainchesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakati.
Njira yocheperako yosinthirana
Valavu imasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yocheperako yosinthira, ndipo makina onse amatha kukonzedwa molingana ndi kulondola kwachuma. Posonkhanitsa, kukula kwina komwe kumasinthidwa ndi zotsatira zolipirira kungasankhidwe kuti kukwaniritse kulondola kwa msonkhano komwe kwatchulidwa. Mfundo ya njira yosankhira ndi yofanana ndi njira yokonzera, koma njira yosinthira kukula kwa mphete yolipirira ndi yosiyana. Yoyamba ndikusintha kukula kwa mphete yolipirira posankha zowonjezera, pomwe yomaliza ndikusintha kukula kwa mphete yolipirira podula zowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo: pakati pa pamwamba ndi gasket yosinthira ya valavu yowongolera ya double ram wedge gate valve, gasket yosinthira pakati pa matupi awiri a valavu yogawa mpira, ndi zina zotero, ndikusankha magawo apadera ngati magawo olipirira mu unyolo wofanana ndi kulondola kwa msonkhano, ndikukwaniritsa kulondola kofunikira kwa msonkhano posintha makulidwe a gasket. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti magawo okhazikika olipirira akhoza kusankhidwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kupanga seti ya magawo olipirira ochapira ndi shaft okhala ndi makulidwe ndi kukula kosiyana pasadakhale kuti asankhe chitsanzo cha valavu yowongolera ya hydraulic panthawi yosonkhanitsa.
Njira yokonza
Valavu imasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokonza, ziwalozo zimatha kukonzedwa molingana ndi kulondola kwachuma, kenako kukula kwina komwe kungasinthidwe ndi kubwezeredwa kumatha kukonzedwa panthawi yosonkhanitsa, kuti akwaniritse cholinga chokhazikitsa. Mwachitsanzo, chipata ndi thupi la valavu ya wedge gate valve, chifukwa cha mtengo wokwera wokonzera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zosinthira, opanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yokonzanso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pomaliza kupukuta pamwamba pa chipata kuti azitha kuwongolera kukula kwa kutsegula, mbaleyo iyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa kutsegula kwa pamwamba pa chipata, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira kwambiri zotsekera. Njirayi imawonjezera njira yofananira mbale, koma imachepetsa kwambiri zofunikira zolondola za njira yakale yokonzera. Kugwira ntchito mwaluso kwa njira yofananira mbale ndi antchito apadera sikukhudza magwiridwe antchito onse. Njira yolumikizira mavavu: mavavu amasonkhanitsidwa payekhapayekha pamalo okhazikika. Kusonkhanitsa zigawo ndi zigawo ndi msonkhano wonse wa mavavu kumachitika mu workshop yosonkhanitsa, ndipo zigawo zonse zofunika ndi zigawo zimanyamulidwa kupita kumalo osonkhanitsira. Kawirikawiri, magulu angati a ogwira ntchito ndi omwe ali ndi udindo wosonkhanitsa zigawo ndi Msonkhano Waukulu nthawi imodzi, zomwe sizimangofupikitsa nthawi yosonkhanitsa, komanso zimathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zosonkhanitsira, komanso zimakhala ndi zofunikira zochepa pamlingo waukadaulo wa ogwira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-23-2022