Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayoluhlobo lwentsimbi, intsimbi ibhekisa kubungakanani bekhabhoni (C) kwi-2% elandelayo ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi, ngaphezulu kwe-2% yintsimbi. Intsimbi kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa yokongeza i-chromium (Cr), i-nickel (Ni), i-manganese (Mn), i-silicon (Si), i-titanium (Ti), i-molybdenum (Mo) kunye nezinye izinto zokudibanisa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentsimbi ukuze intsimbi ibe nokumelana nokugqwala (oko kukuthi, hayi ukugqwala) sihlala sithi yintsimbi engagqwali.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa, ngenxa yokongezwa kwezinto zokudibanisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobungakanani obahlukeneyo. Iimpawu zayo nazo zahlukile, ukuze kwahlulwe isithsaba kwiinombolo ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi.
Uhlu oluqhelekileyo lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo
1. 304 intsimbi engagqwaliyo
I-304 stainless steel lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwentsimbi, njengentsimbi esetyenziswa kakhulu, inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla aphantsi obushushu kunye neempawu zoomatshini; Ukunyathela, ukugoba kunye nezinye iindlela zokusebenza kobushushu kulungile, akukho ngxaki yokuqina konyango lobushushu (akukho magnethi, emva koko sebenzisa ubushushu -196℃ ~ 800℃).
Ububanzi besicelo: izinto zasekhaya (1, 2 izitya zetafile, iikhabhathi, imibhobho yangaphakathi, izifudumezi zamanzi, iibhoyila, iibhafu); Izixhobo zemoto (iwiper yefestile, i-muffler, iimveliso zesikhunta); Izixhobo zonyango, Izixhobo zokwakha, iKhemistri, iShishini lokutya, ezolimo, iinxalenye zeenqanawa
2. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304L (uL unekhabhoni ephantsi)
Njengentsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi ye-304, kwimeko iyonke, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kunye ne-304 kuyafana, kodwa emva kokuwelda okanye ukususwa koxinzelelo, ukumelana kwayo nokukwazi ukugqwala komda weenkozo kugqwesile; Kwimeko yokungasebenzisi ubushushu, ingakwazi nokugcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuyi-196℃ ~ 800℃.
Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa: busetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali, yamalahle kunye nepetroleum eneemfuno eziphezulu zokumelana nokugqwala komda weenkozo zoomatshini bangaphandle, izixhobo zokwakha iindawo ezimelana nobushushu kunye neendawo ezinobunzima bonyango lobushushu.
3. 316 intsimbi engagqwaliyo
I-316 stainless steel ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-molybdenum, ngoko ke ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala, ukumelana nokugqwala emoyeni kunye namandla obushushu aphezulu kulungile kakhulu, ingasetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima; Ukuqina komsebenzi okugqwesileyo (okungenamagnethi).
Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa: izixhobo zamanzi olwandle, iikhemikhali, izinto zokufaka idayi, ukwenza iphepha, i-oxalic acid, isichumisi kunye nezinye izixhobo zemveliso; Iifoto, ishishini lokutya, izixhobo zaselunxwemeni, iintambo, iintambo zeCD, iibholiti, amantongomane.
4. I-316L engatyiwayo (i-L inekhabhoni ephantsi)
Njengoluhlu lwentsimbi ye-316 ekhabhoni ephantsi, ukongeza kwiimpawu ezifanayo nentsimbi ye-316, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala komda weenkozo kugqwesile.
Ububanzi besicelo: iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zokumelana neemveliso zokugqwala komda weenkozo.
Uthelekiso loKusebenza
1. Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali
Iintsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316 kunye ne-316L ziintsimbi ze-molybdenum eziqulathe iintsimbi ezingenasici. Umxholo we-molybdenum wentsimbi engenasici engama-316L uphezulu kancinci kunowentsimbi engenasici engama-316. Ngenxa ye-molybdenum ekwintsimbi, ukusebenza kwentsimbi iyonke kungcono kuneentsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-310 kunye ne-304. Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, xa uxinzelelo lwe-sulfuric acid lungaphantsi kwe-15% kwaye lungaphezulu kwe-85%, iintsimbi ezingenasici ezingama-316 zinoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa. Intsimbi engenasici engama-316 ikwanazo neempawu ezilungileyo zokukhukuliseka kwe-chloride, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zasemanzini. Intsimbi engenasici engama-316L inomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni oyi-0.03. Ifanelekile usetyenziso apho i-post-weld annealing ingenakwenzeka kwaye apho kufuneka ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.
2. Coukumelana nokuqhekeka
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwali engama-316 kungcono kunokumelana nentsimbi engagqwali engama-304. Inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ipulp nephepha. Kwaye intsimbi engagqwali engama-316 ikwamelana nokukhukuliseka komoya we-Marine kunye nomoya we-industrial aggressive. Ngokubanzi, intsimbi engagqwali engama-304 kunye nentsimbi engagqwali engama-316 ekumelaneni neempawu zokugqwala kweekhemikhali azinamahluko ungako, kodwa kwezinye iindawo ezithile zahlukile.
I-304 stainless steel yasungulwa ekuqaleni, eyayinobuthathaka kwi-Pitting Corrosion kwiimeko ezithile. Ukongeza i-molybdenum eyongezelelweyo eyi-2-3% kunciphisa obu buthathaka, nto leyo eyabangela i-316. Ukongeza, le molybdenum eyongezelelweyo inokunciphisa ukubola kwezinye ii-acids ezishushu ze-organic.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316 sele iphantse yaba yinto eqhelekileyo kwishishini lokutya neziselo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-molybdenum kwihlabathi liphela kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-nickel kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316, intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316 ibiza kakhulu kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-304.
Ukugqwala kwe-pitting yinto ebangelwa kakhulu kukugqwala okubekwe phezu komphezulu wentsimbi engagqwaliyo, okubangelwa kukunqongophala kweoksijini kwaye akukwazi ukwenza umaleko okhuselayo we-chromium oxide. Ingakumbi kwiivalvu ezincinci, akukho thuba lincinci lokugqwala kwidiski, ngoko ke ukugqwala kunqabile.
Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zamanzi (amanzi anyibilikisiweyo, amanzi okusela, amanzi omlambo, amanzi ebhoyila, amanzi olwandle, njl.njl.), ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316 kuphantse kufane, ngaphandle kokuba umxholo we-chloride ion kwizixhobo uphezulu kakhulu, ngeli xesha intsimbi engagqwali engama-316 ifanelekile ngakumbi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 kunye nentsimbi engagqwali engama-316 akwahlukanga kangako, kodwa kwezinye iimeko zinokwahluka kakhulu, kufuneka zihlalutywe ngokwemeko nganye.
3. Ukumelana nobushushu
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316 inokumelana okuhle ne-oxidation xa ingasetyenziswa ngokungaguqukiyo ngaphantsi kwe-1600 degrees kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphantsi kwe-1700 degrees. Kuluhlu lwe-800-1575 degrees, kungcono ukuba ingabi nampembelelo eqhubekayo yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316, kodwa kuluhlu lobushushu bokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwentsimbi engagqwali engu-316, intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokumelana okuhle nobushushu. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316L inokumelana ngcono ne-carbide precipitation kunentsimbi engagqwali engu-316, engasetyenziswa kuluhlu lobushushu olungentla.
4. Unyango lobushushu
Ukufakwa kwe-Annealing kwenziwa kubushushu obuphakathi kwama-1850 nama-2050 degrees, kulandele ukufakelwa kwe-annealing ngokukhawuleza kuze kuphole ngokukhawuleza. I-316 stainless steel ayinakufudunyezwa kakhulu ukuze iqine.
5. Ukuwelda
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316 inamandla amahle okuwelda. Zonke iindlela zokuwelda ezisemgangathweni zingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda. Ngokwenjongo yokuwelda, intonga yokupakisha yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316CB, 316L okanye 309CB ingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda. Ukuze kufunyanwe ukuxhathisa okungcono kokugqwala, icandelo lokuwelda lentsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316 kufuneka lifakwe emva kokuwelda. Akufuneki ukuba intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-316L isetyenzisiwe.
IHikelokityhubhu engenamthungo yentsimbi engagqwaliyosebenzisa izinto ezingama-316L. Ezinye izixhobo zeetyhubhu kunye neevalvu zihlala zisebenzisa izinto ezingama-316.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Februwari-23-2022