Kowiri tiraHe momo maitai te maitai, ko te maitai e pā ana ki te nui o te waro (C) i roto i te 2% e whai ake nei e kiia ana he maitai, neke atu i te 2% he rino. I roto i te tukanga whakarewa, ka tāpirihia te chromium (Cr), te nickel (Ni), te manganese (Mn), te silicon (Si), te titanium (Ti), te molybdenum (Mo) me ētahi atu huānga whakarewa hei whakapai ake i te mahi a te maitai kia ātete ai te maitai ki te waikura (arā, kaua ki te waikura) he maha ngā wā ka kīia he maitai kore waikura.
I roto i te tukanga whakarewa, nā te tāpiri o ngā momo rerekē o ngā huānga whakarewa, he rerekē te nui o ngā momo rerekē. He rerekē anō hoki ōna āhuatanga, kia taea ai te wehewehe i te karauna o te maitai i runga i ngā tau rerekē.
Te whakarōpūtanga noa o te maitai kore waikura
1. 304 maitai kore waikura
Ko te maitai kore waikura 304 te momo maitai tino noa, he maitai whānuitia te whakamahinga, he ātete pai ki te waikura, ki te wera, ki te kaha pāmahana iti me ngā āhuatanga miihini; he pai te kaha ki te tā, ki te piko me ētahi atu tukanga wera, kāore he āhuatanga whakapakeke maimoatanga wera (kāore he aukume, ka whakamahia te pāmahana -196℃ ~ 800℃).
Whānuitanga o te tono: ngā taonga o te whare (1, 2 ngā taputapu kai, ngā kāpata, ngā paipa o roto, ngā whakamahana wai, ngā kohua, ngā kaukau); Ngā wāhanga motuka (te horoi matapihi, te pūwero, ngā hua pokepokea ai); Ngā taputapu hauora, ngā rauemi hanga, te matū, te ahumahi kai, te ahuwhenua, ngā wāhanga kaipuke
2. Kowiri tira 304L (he iti te waro o te L)
I te āhua whānui, he rite tonu te ātete ki te waikura o te maitai 304, engari i muri i te whakarewanga, i te whakakorenga rānei i te ahotea, he tino pai te ātete ki te waikura o te rohe witi; ki te kore e whakamahanatia, ka taea hoki te pupuri i te ātete waikura pai, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana -196℃ ~ 800℃.
Te whānuitanga o te tono: e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi matū, waro me te hinu me ngā whakaritenga teitei o te ātete ki te waikura rohe witi o ngā mīhini o waho, ngā rauemi hangahanga wāhanga ātete wera me ngā wāhanga he uaua ki te tukatuka wera.
3. 316 te maitai kore waikura
Nā te tāpiri o te molybdenum ki te 316 he kowiri tira, nō reira he tino pai tōna ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te waikura o te hau me te kaha ki te pāmahana teitei, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga uaua; he tino pai te whakapakeketanga mahi (kore-aukume).
Te whānuitanga o te tono: taputapu wai moana, matū, tae, hanga pepa, waikawa oxalic, tongi me ētahi atu taputapu whakaputa; Whakaahua, ahumahi kai, whakaurunga takutai, taura, tokotoko CD, pūtu, nati.
4. 316L kowiri tira (he iti te waro o te L)
Hei te raupapa waro iti o te maitai 316, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā āhuatanga ōrite ki te maitai 316, he tino pai tōna ātete ki te waikura rohe witi.
Te whānuitanga o te tono: ngā whakaritenga motuhake hei ātete i ngā hua waikura rohe witi.
Whakataurite Mahi
1. Te hanganga matū
Ko ngā maitai kore waikura 316 me te 316L he molybdenum kei roto ngā maitai kore waikura. He paku teitei ake te ihirangi molybdenum o te maitai kore waikura 316L i tērā o te maitai kore waikura 316. Nā te nui o te molybdenum i roto i te maitai, he pai ake te mahi whānui o te maitai i ngā maitai kore waikura 310 me te 304. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei, ina iti iho i te 15% te kukū o te waikawa whanariki me te neke atu i te 85%, he whānui ngā whakamahinga o ngā maitai kore waikura 316. He pai hoki ngā āhuatanga o te maitai kore waikura 316 me te kaha ki te memeha i te hauota, nō reira he mea noa te whakamahi i roto i ngā taiao moana. Ko te ihirangi waro mōrahi o te maitai kore waikura 316L ko te 0.03. He pai mō ngā tono ina kore e taea te whakamahana i muri i te whakarewanga, ā, ina hiahiatia he ātete waikura mōrahi.
2. Cote ātete ki te waikura
He pai ake te ātete o te maitai kore waikura 316 i te maitai kore waikura 304. He pai te ātete ki te waikura i roto i te tukanga whakaputa penupenu me te pepa. Ā, he ātete anō hoki te maitai kore waikura 316 ki te waikura moana me te waikura ā-ahumahi. I te nuinga o te wā, he iti noa te rerekētanga o te ātete o te maitai kore waikura 304 me te maitai kore waikura 316 ki te waikura matū, engari he rerekē i roto i ētahi momo pāpāho.
I te tīmatanga i hangaia te maitai kore waikura 304, he mea tairongo ki te waikura poka i ētahi wā. Mā te tāpiri i te 2-3% molybdenum tāpiri ka whakaitihia tēnei tairongo, ka hua ake ko te 316. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ēnei molybdenum tāpiri te whakaiti i te waikura o ētahi waikawa waro wera.
Kua tata te noho kowiri tira 316 hei rauemi paerewa i roto i te umanga kai me te inu. Nā te korenga o te molybdenum puta noa i te ao, me te nui ake o te nickel i roto i te kowiri tira 316, he nui ake te utu o te kowiri tira 316 i te kowiri tira 304.
Ko te waikura poka he āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te waikura e whakatakotoria ana ki te mata o te maitai kore waikura, nā te kore o te hāora, ā, kāore e taea te hanga i tētahi paparanga tiaki o te waikura chromium. Ina koa i roto i ngā takirere iti, he iti noa te tūponotanga o te whakatakotoranga ki runga i te kōpae, nō reira he onge te poka.
I roto i ngā momo wai rerekē (wai whakatōtō, wai inu, wai awa, wai kohua, wai moana, me ētahi atu), he tata rite te ātete o te kowiri tira 304 me te kowiri tira 316 ki te waikura, ki te kore e tino teitei te ihirangi o te katote hauota i roto i te waikura, i tēnei wā he pai ake te kowiri tira 316. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore i te tino rerekē te ātete waikura o te kowiri tira 304 me te kowiri tira 316, engari i ētahi wā ka tino rerekē, me tātarihia i runga i te take-ki-te-take.
3. Ātete wera
He pai te ātete waikura o te maitai kore waikura 316 i te whakamahinga kore haere tonu i raro i te 1600 nekehanga me te whakamahinga tonu i raro i te 1700 nekehanga. I te awhe o te 800-1575 nekehanga, he pai ake kia kaua e pā tonu te maitai kore waikura 316, engari i te awhe pāmahana whakamahinga tonu o te maitai kore waikura 316, he pai te ātete wera o te maitai kore waikura 316. He pai ake te ātete o te maitai kore waikura 316L ki te maturuturunga carbide i te maitai kore waikura 316, ka taea te whakamahi i te awhe pāmahana i runga ake nei.
4. Te maimoatanga wera
Ka mahia te whakamahana i te awhe pāmahana 1850 ki te 2050 nekehanga, ā, muri iho ka whakamahana tere, kātahi ka whakamatao tere. Kāore e taea te whakamahana rawa i te maitai kore waikura 316 kia whakapakeke.
5. Te whakarewa
He pai te kaha o te maitai kore waikura 316 ki te whakarewa. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakarewa paerewa katoa mō te whakarewa. E ai ki te kaupapa o te whakarewa, ka taea te whakamahi i te tokotoko, te hiko rānei o te maitai kore waikura 316CB, 316L, 309CB rānei mō te whakarewa. Hei whiwhi i te ātete waikura pai rawa atu, me whakamahana te wāhanga whakarewa o te maitai kore waikura 316 i muri i te whakarewa. Kāore e hiahiatia te whakamahana i muri i te whakarewa mēnā ka whakamahia te maitai kore waikura 316L.
Hikelokngongo kowiri tira kore-tūhonohe rauemi 316L te whakamahinga. Ko ētahi atu hononga ngongo me ngā takirere he rauemi 316 te whakamahinga.
Te wā tuku: 23-Pepuere-2022